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Electronic home air purifiers are designed to create an electric charge so particles stick to metal plates in the machine, which you then carefully wipe off. Other models include a UV light and claim to kill mold and bacteria, but Consumer Reports has not tested those models, and there’s currently no evidence that they do what they claim, Santanachote says.

Some purifiers include an activated carbon filter to absorb odors and/or remove gases. While thicker, heavy-duty carbon filters are effective, they are ­pricey. Thin mesh ones are a waste of money, Santanachote says.

Expect to spend at least $200 on a portable unit. Top-rated models that purify large spaces may run up to $700. In addition, replacement filters cost $20 to $200 (a few models come with washable filters), and because experts recommend that you run purifiers 24/7, you’ll have to factor in electricity.

Don’t be dazzled by sleek looks or equate higher cost with better performance. Look for models certified by the Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers (AHAM). Then check the Clean Air Delivery Rate (CADR), which describes how well the machine reduces tobacco smoke, pollen and dust. The higher the number, the better. Less than 60 is poor, and more than 240 is excellent, Santanachote says.